TOP SECRET Unit 731 - US CIA And Military Involvement With Japanese Class A War Criminals And Illegal Immoral Death Camp Human Experimentation - World War II And Rise Of Nippon Kaigi Under PM Abe - Unit 731 War Criminals Being Venerated/Honored At The Yasukuni Shrine In Japan

















UNIT 731 - JAPAN AND AMERICA'S WAR CRIMES COVER UP

Unit 731: America's War Crimes Cover-Up

During the 1930s and 1940s, the Japanese conducted illegal weapons and medical experiments on living humans. 


Via Anthony Haywood

GRAPHIC PICTURES; FOR MATURE ADULTS ONLY


Shirō Ishii – Unit 731, Asian Auschwitz

TOUR OF UNIT 731 FACILITY 

The Japanese War Crimes Museum Harbin, China

During the second Sino-Japanese war from 1937-1945 and World War II, the Japanese Army undertook lethal human experiments in Unit 731 outside of Harbin. 

CIA DEEPLY INVOLVED WITH WAR CRIMINALS IN JAPAN AND NAZI GERMANY


The CIA has been deeply involved with war criminals, terrorists and seedy characters all over the world, right from the very beginning of it's formation, right up to today. Even Class A war criminals, who are the very worst of the worst, were often let go, protected and/or recruited into the CIA organization, to work for the US military and/or intelligence operations at very high levels. 

What is the effect on US and global democracy, freedom and human rights, when a secretive, non transparent organization (CIA) hires and employs the worst of the worst rogues gallery of sociopath's and psychopathic criminals, including those in charge of genocide, torture, illegal/inhumane medical experiments that rival or are even worse than what happened in the Nazi death camps? 

Could this history and present day policy decision of involvement by a secret US CIA agency with genocidal maniacs, be one reason why many people today feel that the US and countries like Japan are heading in the entirely wrong direction by doing such things as promoting nuclear power and stronger militaries? With people in charge at the top of organizations that came directly out of leading Unit 731, is it any surprise that things are going off the rails? 

Ignoring what happened at Unit 731 both in the US and in Japan, is the equivalent of denying that the Holocaust happened in Germany. But both Japan and the US ignore, deny and hide what happened at Unit 731. Much worse than that, the people in charge of Unit 731 were hired by the CIA and are now in high positions of power plus influence on public policies.  

WHAT IS HAPPENING TODAY IN JAPAN, AROUND UNIT 731?

Japan's Secret World War II Death Lab (2003)

Japan's Dirty Secret: The truth about Japan's secret facility at Harbin, used to manufacture germs that infected and killed thousands of Chinese during World War II.

For downloads and more information visit: http://journeyman.tv/11038/short-film...

Memories of Japanese war crimes continue to poison Japan's relations with its neighbours. Many Chinese are still suffering the effects of a vicious campaign of germ warfare.

"Our unit did things no human being should ever do," confesses Unit 731 member Yoshio Shinozuka. His unit developed the deadly pathogens which were used to infect 250,000 Chinese. Japan's refusal to apologize for its actions, or to acknowledge Unit 731's existence, has further upset its victims.
A film by ABC Australia - Ref. 1654

JAPANESE CLASS A WAR CRIMINALS NEVER INDICTED OR EVEN JAILED, MANY ARE STILL IN HIGH POSITIONS OR GOVERNMENT OFFICES TODAY

Recently declassified CIA documents explain why one of the most notorious Japanese war criminals was never indicted or even held.

Tsuji Matsunobu, Hired By CIA


Wikipedia; "The recently declassified CIA documents explain why one of the most notorious Japanese war criminals was never indicted or even held. Arisue recruited Colonel Tsuji Matsunobu into clandestine U.S. (CIA) service.[25] Tsuji, claiming the authority of Imperial General Headquarters, ordered a wide range of atrocities including the Bataan Death March."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._intelligence_involvement_with_German_and_Japanese_war_criminals_after_World_War_II

Mad Men, Fukushima and More Mad Men!
Your invitation to the Hemlock Teahouse
Garry Greenwood
As more information trickles in regarding the destroyed Fukushima Nuclear plant it seems that more than just electric power generation was conducted there. Sincere researchers are unearthing evidence of nuclear enrichment of war-grade plutonium and other clandestine nuclear activities. So does Japan already possess nuclear weapons? Well, if anyone should know it would be the Abe, Ishihara and Okada families. Okada reminds us - “Although Ningen (Sub Humans non Mahikari people) eagerly seek peace and coexistence and dislike the atomic bomb, the production of fire balls in this world cannot be stopped.” I read this revelation, and others similar, as a veiled admission that indeed they do.

In recent months a new organization has appeared in Japanese society. Well, it’s not really new, it’s just that it’s become more publicized and popular recently. It’s Nippon Kaigi or the Japan Conference. This non-political organization was established in 1997 but recently P.M. Abe became its supreme advisor thereby projecting it into the public spotlight. Its main aims are: the restoration of the Emperor as God, historical revisionism, a return to militarism, constitutional change, fight back against gay and lesbian rights and feminism, ownership of the disputed Senkaku (Daioyu) islands and more. Another of its central assertions is “that the Greater East Asia War was not a war of aggression but rather a war to free Asia from Euro-American imperialism.”

Under P.M. Abe’s supreme advisor role membership of this ultra-nationalistic group has suddenly soared to over 35,000. Around eighty percent of his Cabinet Ministers are members as are around eighty percent of the Diet or Parliament. So strong has this new found Ministry of Revenge become that it is now shaping national policy.

Kaya Okinori - Class A War Criminal, Hired By CIA


Department of State records refer to Kaya Okinori, a Class A war criminal, and wartime Finance Minister.[24] Kaya had been the finance minister in Japan's wartime cabinet. Convicted as a war criminal, he was sentenced to life in prison. Paroled in 1955 and pardoned in 1957, he became one of Kishi's closest advisers and a key member of the LDP's internal security committee.

Kaya started to work for the CIA around the time of his election to the Diet in 1958. After his recruitment, he wanted to travel to the United States and meet Allen Dulles in person. Kaya came to visit Dulles at CIA headquarters in 1959, and asked the director to enter into a formal agreement to share intelligence with his internal security committee. "Everyone agreed that cooperation between CIA and the Japanese regarding counter subversion was most desirable and that the subject was one of major interest to CIA", say the minutes of their talk. Dulles regarded Kaya as his agent, and six months later he wrote him to say: "I am most interested in learning your views both in international affairs affecting relations between our countries and on the situation within Japan".[28]

Kaya's on-and-off relationship with the CIA reached a peak in 1968, when he was the leading political adviser to Prime Minister Eisaku Sato. Kaya was instrumental in a CIA action intended to swing the Okinawan election to the LDP, an action that failed. Okinawa was a key U.S. base, both for Vietnam operations and nuclear basing. Kaya played a key role in the CIA's covert actions aimed to swing the elections for the LDP, which narrowly failed. Okinawa itself returned to Japanese administration in 1972, but the American military remains there to this day.[28]

Kishi Nobusuke - Class A War Criminal


In 1941, Kishi was a Cabinet member who co-signed the declaration of war against the United States.[24] During the war, he had held portfolios for Commerce and Industry and later Munitions, and directed forced labor by Koreans and Chinese. In 1945, he was arrested as a suspected Class A war criminal, and spent three years, in Sugamo Prison, being investigated. Eventually, he was not charged.[29] His cellmate was Kodama Yoshio.[28] His political rehabilitation led to his becoming Prime Minister in 1957.

While the Occupation originally had bold goals to restructure and democratize Japanese society, ambitions became more modest as the Cold War chilled. Kennan's containment doctrine was the priority of the Truman Administration. United States Secretary of Defense James Forrestal said that real security against communism required the "restoration of commerce, trade and business" worldwide. This meant putting "Japan, Germany and other affiliates of the Axis back to work."

Before the war, Kishi had been a friend of U.S. Ambassador Joseph C. Grew. Grew, along with journalists, diplomats and lawyers, all of whom had had prewar ties with the Japanese elite. They opposed the SCAP policies calling for the renunciation of military capability.

After the end of the Korean War, and economic repercussions for Japan, the Yoshida government fell. The U.S. Ambassador in 1954, not intelligence officials, urged the conservative parties to name Kishi as Prime Minister. Another official who had been purged after the war, Hatoyama Ichiro, was selected. Hatoyama was reluctant to rearm, and wanted peaceful relations with China and the Soviets. 

These positions infuriated John Foster Dulles, United States Secretary of State in the Eisenhower Administration, whose brother Allen was Director of Central Intelligence. The Eisenhower Administration's support of Kishi became more and more obvious, when he made a state visit in 1957, addressing Congress and played golf with Eisenhower. 

CIA GAVE SECRET CAMPAIGN FUNDS TO LDP


While detailed documentation has not been declassified, if it exists, indicates that early in 1958, Shaller states that Eisenhower, making what he and his aides earlier called a "big bet," authorized the CIA to provide secret campaign funds to Kishi and other members of the Liberal Democratic Party. The Administration agreed to renegotiate the 1951 security treaty and end the Occupation. 

In return for the right to use Okinawa as a base for nuclear forces, the U.S. renegotiated the treaty. While the Kennedy administration continued the secret payments, Although the Kennedy administration in 1961 continued secret payments to the LDP and other parties, "it viewed trade expansion as a better way to stabilize Japan and bind it to the United States."[29]

Kodama Yoshio, Hired By CIA


Kodama was Kishi's cellmate in Sugamo Prison, from which they were released in 1948, before other convicted criminals were executed.[28] In 1928, he founded a right-wing group, the Dokuritsu Seinen Sha (Independence Youth Society). It tried to assassinate both opposition leaders and Prime Minister Saito Makoto, for which Kodama was sentenced to 3.5 years of imprisonment.

By the 1930s, he had been rehabilitated by the Japanese and formed both an intelligence network in Manchuria and an extensive system for purchasing strategic materials, such as cobalt, copper, nickel and radium, sometimes bartering drugs for materials. Kodama called it "an organization with no thought of profit," but, by the end of the war, it was worth $175 million and the Japanese government made the former prisoner a rear admiral.[30] 

After the war, Kodama began to pour part of his fortune into the careers of Japan's most conservative politicians, and he became a key member of a CIA operation that helped bring them to power. He worked with American businessmen, OSS veterans, and ex-diplomats to pull off an audacious covert operation, bankrolled by the CIA, during the Korean War.[28] This operation obtained tungsten needed for U.S. munitions, for which the United States Department of Defense paid $10 million, with underwriting of $2.8 million from the CIA.

According to Weiner, the operation left Kodama in bad odor with the CIA's Tokyo station. "He is a professional liar, gangster, charlatan, and outright thief", the station reported on 10 September 1953. "Kodama is completely incapable of intelligence operations, and has no interest in anything but the profits". The relationship was severed, and the CIA turned its attention to the care and feeding of up-and-coming Japanese politicians - including Kishi - who won seats in the Diet, Japan's parliament, in the first elections after the end of the American occupation."[28]

Tsuji Matsunobu, Hired By CIA

The recently declassified CIA documents explain why one of the most notorious Japanese war criminals was never indicted or even held. Arisue recruited Colonel Tsuji Matsunobu into clandestine U.S. service.[25] Tsuji, claiming the authority of Imperial General Headquarters, ordered a wide range of atrocities including the Bataan Death March.

"U.S. officials also investigated the possibility that, late in the war, the Japanese Army expropriated three tons of gold from French Indochina with the idea that it would be used at a later date to finance the resurgence of the Japanese military establishment. Reports indicated that Tsuji, who spent a great deal of time in Southeast Asia, had distributed part of this haul to his officers and told them to hide it away from Allied hands.

CIA documents released through the IWG explained the puzzlement of many Japanese, who wondered why Tsuji was never charged for crimes sometimes worse than those that led to the gallows for others. Even after his release, he remained a "person of interest", but was not found to be interrogated. "He avoided capture first by hiding in Southeast Asia, later sheltered by Chang Kai-shek on mainland China, then secretly in Japan, including as a guest of Kodama. When the United States dropped its war crimes charges against him in 1950, he returned to the public scene, publishing two books about his wartime and postwar experiences that quickly became best sellers." [25]

Before his rehabilitation, he was involved in G-2 planning of covert activities to assist theChinese Nationalists against the Peoples Republic of China.[25] Note that direct confrontation with China, even through Chiang Kai-Shek as a proxy, was against Truman Administration policy, a conflict that led to MacArthur's (and Willoughby's) dismissal.

By 1950, when there were no charges outstanding against Tsuji, Arisue asked him to expand Japanese intelligence operations into Southeast Asia. Tsuji had met many of the former Imperial Japanese Army officers associated with this operation while he was in Singapore.[25] Many of the other officers would not work with Tsuji and lobbied successfully to have Arisue replace him with former Shanghai kenpeitai Chief Tomita Bunichi.[28]

Through Hattori, Tsuji became involved in planning one of Willoughby’s most ambitious operations, a Chinese Nationalist invasion of mainland China. In January 1951, G-2 began toying with the notion of encouraging Chang Kai-shek’s forces to invade south China and establish contact with Chinese anti-communist resistance forces. 

Willoughby’s subordinates approached Hattori and requested that he and Tsuji prepare the operational details of such a plan. Hattori, whom the CIA believed was a key figure in getting the war crimes charges against Tsuji dropped, now sought to put Tsuji’s military expertise to work for G-2. Planning proceeded through early March, with Tsuji taking the lead.[25]

From the CIA’s perspective, Willoughby put undue trust in both Hattori and Tsuji. Tsuji, who had himself become enmeshed in rearmament plans, purportedly stated in 1951 that it was necessary to “deceive the ally prior to the enemy.” The agency’s analysts also saw “a serious danger that American military personnel in G-2, GHQ will be taken in by [Hattori’s group].” In any event, the planning came to very little, as Willoughby learned in March 1951 that news of the preparations leaked to the Communist Chinese, and the idea was shelved.[25]

By 1952, Tsuji and Hattori decided that cooperation with the Americans was the best way to rapidly rearm Japan, a position unpopular with many other ex-officers. Backed by Kodama and others, they disagreed with Prime Minister Yoshida Shigeru’s policy of exclusively relying on U.S. military protection instead of rebuilding Japan’s own army. ...

In July 1952, Hattori hatched a plot to conduct a coup by murdering Yoshida and replacing him either with the more sympathetic Hatoyama Ichiro or Ogata Taketora. While Tsuji initially supported a coup, Tsuji convinced Hattori to hold off his coup d’etat as long as the conservatives ( ironically with the name Liberal Party) were in power. In other words, SCAP's staunchest political ally in Japan was protected by one of Japan’s most well-known alleged war criminals. 

Nevertheless, the group did consider murdering other government figures to send a message to Yoshida . Hatoyama succeeded in deposing Yoshida in 1954, but it is unclear what role, if any, Hattori and Tsuji played in this. In 1952, Tsuji was elected to the Diet and began a flamboyant career in politics, until his mysterious disappearance in 1961 during travel in Southeast Asia.

Ryuzo Sejima - Hired By CIA

Ryuzo Sejima was intimate with the group of Hattori Takushiro, Tsuji Masanobu and Kodama Yoshio, etc.. After Ryuzo Sejima returned from the Soviet Union to Japan on August 18, 1956, he worked with them.[31]

Kodama Yoshio and Ryuzo Sejima became intimate with Park Chung-hee and the Korea Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA) of South Korea in 1960's. Especially, because Ryuzo Sejima andPark Chung-hee were the relations of the senior and the junior at the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, Ryuzo Sejima became intimate with Park Chung-hee. By the way, Hisayuki Machiiwas also intimate with them.[32] Hisayuki Machii cooperated in kidnapping of Kim Dae-jung.[33]Ryuzo Sejima was able to become intimate with Chun Doo-hwan from the relations of Ryuzo Sejima and Park Chung-hee in 1980 because Chun Doo-hwan had been worshiping Park Chung-hee.

When Yoshio Kodama died on January 17, 1984, Ryuzo Sejima was also intimate with the U.S. Government and the CIA as Ryuzo Sejima succeeded the work of Yoshio Kodama.

Ryuzo Sejima became the honorary post to govern NTT in June, 1986. Ryuzo Sejima managed the telephone records etc. of users of NTT and offered those information to the United States side.

Brent Scowcroft etc. had come in contact with Ryuzo Sejima.

The Japan Forum For Strategic Studies scandal[34] was established on March 1, 1999. Ryuzo Sejima became the chairman of the Japan Forum For Strategic Studies scandal.

But the CIA was not just involved and supporting the activities of Class A war criminals in various countries. The CIA also was involved in and supported the operation of secret medical experimentation camps, akin to Jewish holocaust camps, where people were operated on, given diseases, vaccinations, and dissected without anaethesia.

The people involved in these experiments, included US POW soldiers being held prisoner. 

UNIT 731


Abe is well known for his association with war industry promoting and violence oriented military and government officials. He changed the 'interpretation' of the Constitution and increased the budget of the military during his reign. He also had a goal of restarting all nuclear reactors, which produce nuclear weapons ingredients. 

Could it be that by sitting in a military type of jet with this Unit 731 number on it, he is giving a message to the Chinese, via the plane he uses as a photo op? How could this be anything but a hidden message, delivered by the media? Combine Abe's visit to a shrine that houses many class A, B and C war criminals, along with this picture, and what is he trying to convey?  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasukuni_Shrine

If Abe sat in a plane with this number and it was purely accidental, then the odds of that happening were millions to one. At the very least, even if this photo op was 'accidental', it portrays him in a very bad light, and of either being very ignorant about history, or in denial about what happened, and that is best case. It all gets much worse from there, assuming he did this on purpose. 

The equivalent of Abe doing this, would be an American President sitting in a military jet with the word 'Auschwitz' painted on it. 

Via Wikipedia; "Unit 731




The Unit 731 complex  Location  Pingfang Date  1935–1945 

Deaths 

Over 3,000 from inside experiments and tens of thousands from field experiments 

Perpetrators 



Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the Kwantung Army 

Unit 731 (731部隊 Nana-san-ichi butai?, Chinese:731部队) was a covert biological and chemical warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that undertook lethal human experimentation during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and World War II. It was responsible for some of the most notoriouswar crimes carried out by Japanese personnel. Unit 731 was based at the Pingfang district of Harbin, the largest city in the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo (now Northeast China).

It was officially known as the Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the Kwantung Army (関東軍防疫給水部本部Kantōgun Bōeki Kyūsuibu Honbu?). Originally set up under the Kempeitai military police of theEmpire of Japan, Unit 731 was taken over and commanded until the end of the war by General Shiro Ishii, an officer in the Kwantung Army. The facility itself was built between 1934 and 1939 and officially adopted the name "Unit 731" in 1941.

Between 3,000 and 12,000 men, women, and children[1][2]—from which around 600 every year were provided by the Kempeitai[3]—died during the human experimentation conducted by Unit 731 at the camp based in Pingfang alone, which does not include victims from other medical experimentation sites.[4] Almost 70% of the victims who died in the Pingfang camp were Chinese, including both civilian and military.[5] Close to 30% of the victims were Russian.[6] Some others were South East Asians and Pacific Islanders, at the time colonies of the Empire of Japan, and a small number of Allied prisoners of war.[7] The unit received generous support from the Japanese government up to the end of the war in 1945.

Many of the researchers involved in Unit 731 went on to prominent careers in post-war politics, academia, business, and medicine. 

Some were arrested by Soviet forces and tried at the Khabarovsk War Crime Trials in 1949; most remained under American Forces occupation. 

CIA, US MILITARY AND US GOVERNMENT GAVE IMMUNITY TO UNIT 731 PARTICIPANTS


These researchers were not tried for war crimes by the Americans so that the information and experience gained in bio-weapons could be co-opted into the U.S. biological warfare program.[8] On 6 May 1947, Douglas MacArthur, as Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, wrote to Washington that "additional data, possibly some statements from Ishii probably can be obtained by informing Japanese involved that information will be retained in intelligence channels and will not be employed as 'War Crimes' evidence."[9] The immunity deal concluded in 1948.



Building on the site of the Harbin bioweapon facility of Unit 731

FORMATION


Shiro Ishii, commander of Unit 731

In 1932, General Shirō Ishii (石井四郎 Ishii Shirō), chief medical officer of the Japanese Army and protégé of Army Minister Sadao Araki was placed in command of the Army Epidemic Prevention Research Laboratory. 

Ishii organized a secret research group, the "Tōgō Unit", for various chemical and biological experimentation in Manchuria. Ishii had proposed the creation of a Japanese biological and chemical research unit in 1930, after a two-year study trip abroad, on the grounds that Western powers were developing their own programs. 

One of Ishii's main supporters inside the army was Colonel Chikahiko Koizumi, who later became Japan's Health Minister from 1941 to 1945. 

Koizumi had joined a secret poison gas research committee in 1915, during World War I, when he and other Japanese army officers were impressed by the successful German use of chlorine gas at the second battle of Ypres, where the Allies suffered 15,000 casualties as a result of the chemical attack.[10]

Unit Tōgō was implemented in the Zhongma Fortress, a prison/experimentation camp in Beiyinhe, a village 100 km (62 mi) south of Harbin on the South Manchurian Railway. A jailbreak in autumn 1934 and later explosion (believed to be an attack) in 1935 led Ishii to shut down Zhongma Fortress. He received the authorization to move to Pingfang, approximately 24 km (15 mi) south of Harbin, to set up a new and much larger facility.[11]

In 1936, Hirohito authorized, by imperial decree, the expansion of this unit and its integration into the Kwantung Army as the Epidemic Prevention Department.[12] It was divided at the same time into the "Ishii Unit" and "Wakamatsu Unit" with a base in Hsinking. From August 1940, all these units were known collectively as the "Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the Kwantung Army (関東軍防疫給水部本部)"[13] or "Unit 731" (満州第731部隊) for short.

ACTIVITIES




The ruins of a boiler building

A special project code-named Maruta used human beings for experiments. Test subjects were gathered from the surrounding population and were sometimes referred to euphemistically as "logs" (丸太 maruta)

This term originated as a joke on the part of the staff because the official cover story for the facility given to the local authorities was that it was a lumber mill. In an account by a man who worked as a "junior uniformed civilian employee" of the Japanese Army in Unit 731, the term Maruta came from German, meaning medical experiment, used in such contexts as, "How many logs fell?"[14]

The test subjects were selected to give a wide cross-section of the population and included common criminals, captured bandits and anti-Japanese partisans, political prisoners, and also people rounded up by the Kempeitai for alleged "suspicious activities". They included infants, the elderly, and pregnant women.

VIVISECTION

Prisoners of war [15] were subjected to vivisection (operations) without anesthesia.[16] Vivisections were performed on prisoners after infecting them with various diseases. Researchers performed invasive surgery on prisoners, removing organs to study the effects of disease on the human body. These were conducted while the patients were alive because it was feared that the decomposition process would affect the results.[17] The infected and vivisected prisoners included men, women, children, and infants.[18]

Prisoners had limbs amputated in order to study blood loss. Those limbs that were removed were sometimes re-attached to the opposite sides of the body. Some prisoners' limbs were frozen and amputated, while others had limbs frozen then thawed to study the effects of the resultant untreated gangrene and rotting.

Some prisoners had their stomachs surgically removed and the esophagus reattached to the intestines. Parts of the brain, lungs, liver, etc. were removed from some prisoners.[16][19]

In 2007, the Japanese army surgeon Ken Yuasa testified to the Japan Times that, "I was afraid during my first vivisection, but the second time around, it was much easier. By the third time, I was willing to do it." He believes at least 1,000 people, including surgeons, were involved in vivisections over mainland China.[20]

GERM WARFARE ATTACKS


Prisoners were injected with inoculations of disease, disguised as vaccinations, to study their effects. To study the effects of untreated venereal diseases, male and female prisoners were deliberately infected, often by rape, with syphilis and gonorrhea, then studied.

Plague fleas, infected clothing, and infected supplies encased in bombs were dropped on various targets. The resulting cholera, anthrax, and plague were estimated to have killed around and possibly more than 400,000 Chinese civilians.[21] Tularemia was tested on Chinese civilians.[22]

Unit 731 and its affiliated units (Unit 1644 and Unit 100 among others) were involved in research, development, and experimental deployment of epidemic-creating biowarfare weapons in assaults against the Chinese populace (both civilian and military) throughout World War II. Plague-infested fleas, bred in the laboratories of Unit 731 and Unit 1644, were spread by low-flying airplanes upon Chinese cities, coastal Ningbo in 1940, and Changde, Hunan Province, in 1941. This military aerial spraying killed thousands of people with bubonic plague epidemics.[23]

WEAPONS TESTING


Human targets were used to test grenades positioned at various distances and in different positions. Flame throwers were tested on humans. Humans were tied to stakes and used as targets to test germ-releasing bombs, chemical weapons, and explosive bombs.[24][25]

STARVATION, PRESSURE, BURN, CENTRIFUGE, RADIATION, CHEMICAL WEAPONS, BURIAL WHILE ALIVE EXPERIMENTS


In other tests, subjects were deprived of food and water to determine the length of time until death; placed into high-pressure chambers until death; experimented upon to determine the relationship between temperature, burns, and human survival; placed into centrifuges and spun until death; injected with animal blood; exposed to lethal doses of x-rays; subjected to various chemical weapons inside gas chambers; injected with sea water to determine if it could be a substitute for saline solution; and burned or buried alive.[26]

BIOLOGICAL WARFARE EXPERIMENTS



An unidentified victim of Unit 731 human experimentation.

Japanese researchers performed tests on prisoners with Bubonic plague, cholera, smallpox, botulism, and other diseases.[27] This research led to the development of the defoliation bacilli bomb and the flea bomb used to spread bubonic plague.[28] Some of these bombs were designed with ceramic (porcelain) shells, an idea proposed by Ishii in 1938.

These bombs enabled Japanese soldiers to launch biological attacks, infecting agriculture, reservoirs, wells, and other areas with anthrax, plague-carrier fleas, typhoid, dysentery, cholera, and other deadly pathogens. During biological bomb experiments, researchers dressed in protective suits would examine the dying victims. Infected food supplies and clothing were dropped by airplane into areas of China not occupied by Japanese forces. In addition, poisoned food and candies were given out to unsuspecting victims, and the results examined.

In 2002, Changde, China, site of the flea spraying attack, held an "International Symposium on the Crimes of Bacteriological Warfare" which estimated that at least 580,000 people died as a result of the attack.[29] The historian Sheldon Harris claims that 200,000 died.[30] 

In addition to Chinese casualties, 1,700 Japanese in Chekiang were killed by their own biological weapons while attempting to unleash the biological agent, which indicates serious issues with distribution.[1]

Known unit 731 members

Lieutenant General Shirō Ishii
Lieutenant Colonel Ryoichi Naito, founder of the pharmaceutical company Green Cross

UNIT 731 DIVISIONS


Unit 731 was divided into eight divisions: 

Division 1: Research on bubonic plague, cholera, anthrax, typhoid and tuberculosis using live human subjects. For this purpose, a prison was constructed to contain around three to four hundred people.
Division 2: Research for biological weapons used in the field, in particular the production of devices to spread germs and parasites. 
Division 3: Production of shells containing biological agents. Stationed in Harbin. 
Division 4: Production of other miscellaneous agents. 
Division 5: Training of personnel. 
Divisions 6–8: Equipment, medical and administrative units. 

FACILITIES


One of the buildings is open to visitors

The Unit 731 complex covered six square kilometers and consisted of more than 150 buildings. The design of the facilities made them hard to destroy by bombing. The complex contained various factories. It had around 4,500 containers to be used to raise fleas, six cauldrons to produce various chemicals, and around 1,800 containers to produce biological agents. Approximately 30 kg of bubonic plague bacteria could be produced in several days.

Some of Unit 731's satellite facilities are in use by various Chinese industrial concerns. A portion has been preserved and is open to visitors as a War Crimes Museum.

TOKYO CONNECTION


A medical school and research facility belonging to Unit 731 operated in the Shinjuku District of Tokyo during World War II. In 2006, Toyo Ishii—a nurse who worked at the school during the war—revealed that she had helped bury bodies and pieces of bodies on the school's grounds shortly after Japan's surrender in 1945. In response, in February 2011 the Ministry of Health began to excavate the site.[31]

China requested DNA samples from any human remains discovered at the site. The Japanese government—which has never officially acknowledged the existence of Unit 731—rejected the request.[32]

Guangzhou

The related Unit 8604 was operated by the Japanese Southern China Area Army and stationed at Guangzhou (Canton). This installation conducted human experimentation in food and water deprivation as well as water-borne typhus. According to postwar testimony, this facility served as the main rat breeding farm for the medical units to provide them with bubonic plague vectors for experiments.[33]

Related Units

Unit 731 was part of the Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department which dealt with contagious disease and water supply generally.

Mukden US POW camp


According to Maj. Robert Peaty, of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps, who was the senior British officer at Mukden, a prisoner-of-war camp 350 miles from Pingfang, doctors from Unit 731 administered the regular injections of infectious diseases, disguised as harmless vaccinations, which eventually killed 186 Americans.

SURRENDER AND IMMUNITY
































Information sign at the site today.

Operations and experiments continued until the end of the war. Ishii had wanted to use biological weapons in the Pacific War since May 1944, but his attempts were repeatedly snubbed.

DESTRUCTION OF EVIDENCE

With the Russian invasion of Manchukuo andMengjiang in August 1945, the unit had to abandon their work in haste. The members and their families fled to Japan.

Ishii ordered every member of the group "to take the secret to the grave", threatening to find them if they failed, and prohibiting any of them from going into public work back in Japan. Potassium cyanide vials were issued for use in the event that the remaining personnel were captured.

Skeleton crews of Ishii's Japanese troops blew up the compound in the final days of the war to destroy evidence of their activities, but most were so well constructed that they survived somewhat intact.

CIA - AMERICAN GRANT OF IMMUNITY TO PARTICIPANTS

After Imperial Japan surrendered to the Allies in 1945, General Douglas MacArthur became the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, rebuilding Japan during the Allied occupation. After discovering the research papers, MacArthur secretly granted immunity to the physicians of Unit 731, including their leader, in exchange for providing America, but not the other wartime allies, with their research on biological warfare and data from human experimentation.[9] 

American occupation authorities monitored the activities of former unit members, including reading and censoring their mail.[34] The U.S. believed that the research data was valuable. The U.S. did not want other nations, particularly the Soviet Union, to acquire data on biological weapons.[35]

The Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal heard only one reference to Japanese experiments with "poisonous serums" on Chinese civilians. This took place in August 1946 and was instigated by David Sutton, assistant to the Chinese prosecutor. The Japanese defense counsel argued that the claim was vague and uncorroborated and it was dismissed by the tribunal president, Sir William Webb, for lack of evidence. The subject was not pursued further by Sutton, who was probably unaware of Unit 731's activities. His reference to it at the trial is believed to have been accidental.

Soviet Trials

Although publicly silent on the issue at the Tokyo Trials, the Soviet Union pursued the case and prosecuted twelve top military leaders and scientists from Unit 731 and its affiliated biological-war prisons Unit 1644 in Nanjing, and Unit 100 in Changchun, in the Khabarovsk War Crime Trials. Included among those prosecuted for war crimes including germ warfare was General Otozō Yamada, the commander-in-chief] of the million-man Kwantung Army occupying Manchuria.

The trial of those captured Japanese perpetrators was held in Khabarovsk in December 1949. A lengthy partial transcript of the trial proceedings was published in different languages the following year by a Moscow foreign languages press, including an English language edition.[36]

The lead prosecuting attorney at the Khabarovsk trial was Lev Smirnov, who had been one of the top Soviet prosecutors at the Nuremberg Trials. The Japanese doctors and army commanders who had perpetrated the Unit 731 experiments received sentences from the Khabarovsk court ranging from two to 25 years in a Siberian labor camp. The U.S. refused to acknowledge the trials, branding them communist propaganda.[37]

After World War II, the Soviet Union built a biological weapons facility in Sverdlovsk using documentation captured from Unit 731 in Manchuria.[38]

After World War II, Unit 731 Activities Continued On

Official Silence By US, Despite Occupation Of Japan And Complete Control 

As above, under the American occupation the members of Unit 731 and other experimental units were allowed to go free. One graduate of Unit 1644, Masami Kitaoka, continued to do experiments on unwilling Japanese subjects from 1947 to 1956 while working for Japan's National Institute of Health Sciences. He infected prisoners with rickettsia and mental health patients with typhus.[39]

Post-Occupation Japanese media coverage and debate


Japanese discussions of Unit 731's activity began in the 1950s, after the end of the American occupation of Japan. In 1952, human experiments carried out in Nagoya City Pediatric Hospital, which resulted in one death, were publicly tied to former members of Unit 731.[40] Later in that decade, journalists suspected that the murders attributed by the government to Sadamichi Hirasawa were actually carried out by members of Unit 731. In 1958, Japanese author Shusaku Endo published the book The Sea and Poison about human experimentation, which is thought to have been based on a real incident.

The author Morimura Seiichi published The Devil's Gluttony (悪魔の飽食) in 1981, followed by The Devil's Gluttony: A Sequel in 1983. These books purported to reveal the "true" operations of Unit 731, but actually confused them with that of Unit 100, and falsely used unrelated photos attributing them to Unit 731, which raised questions about its accuracy.[41][42] Also in 1981 appeared the first direct testimony of human vivisection in China, by Ken Yuasa. Since then many more in-depth testimonies have appeared in Japanese. The 2001 documentary Japanese Devils was composed largely of interviews with 14 members of Unit 731 who had been taken as prisoners by China and later released.[43]

Official Government Response in Japan


Japanese history textbooks usually contain references to Unit 731, but do not go into detail about allegations, in accordance with this principle.[44][45] Saburo Ienaga's New History of Japan included a detailed description, based on officers' testimony. The Ministry for Education attempted to remove this passage from his textbook before it was taught in public schools, on the basis that the testimony was insufficient. The Supreme Court of Japan ruled in 1997 that the testimony was indeed sufficient and that requiring it to be removed was an illegal violation of freedom of speech.[46]


REPARATIONS


In 1997, the international lawyer Kōnen Tsuchiya filed a class action suit against the Japanese government, demanding reparations for the actions of Unit 731, using evidence filed by Professor Makoto Ueda of Rikkyo University. All Japanese court levels found that the suit was baseless. No findings of fact were made about the existence of human experimentation, but the decision of the court was that reparations are determined by international treaties and not by national court cases.

GOVERNMENT INQUIRY

In October 2003, a member of the House of Representatives of Japan filed an inquiry. Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi responded that the Japanese government did not then possess any records related to Unit 731, but the government recognized the gravity of the matter and would publicize any records that were located in the future.[47]

FILMS


There have been several films about the atrocities of Unit 731. 

Men Behind the Sun (1988), China, directed by Tun Fei Mou. 

Philosophy of a Knife (2008), Russia, directed by Andrey Iskanov.
731: Two Versions of Hell (2007), produced by James T. Hong; documentary about Unit 731 told from the Chinese and Japanese sides.[48]

Amazon Movies About Unit 731 




MUSIC 


"The Breeding House" (1994), Bruce Dickinson. Segment of the CD-single Tears of the Dragon, describing the atrocities committed by Unit 731 and the immunity granted by the Americans to the physicians of the Unit. 

"Unit 731" (2009), American thrash metal band Slayer. Song on the album World Painted Blood, describing the events and atrocities that occurred at Unit 731. 

TELEVISION

The X-Files episode "731" (1995). Former members of Unit 731 secretly continue their experiments on humans under control of a covert U.S. government agency. 

ReGenesis episode "Let it burn" (2007). Outbreaks of anthrax and glanders are traced to World War II Japan."

AMAZON BOOKS ABOUT UNIT 731


 Search for Unit 731 Books


UNIT 100 


Although smaller than Unit 731, Unit 100 was still a large organization. Its annual bacteria production capacity was projected to reach 1,000 kg of anthrax, 500 kg of glanders, and 100 kg of red rust (fungus). They never reached this goal, however, because of equipment shortages.

CELEBRATING WAR AND WAR CRIMINALS IS OK IN JAPAN, INCLUDES TOP GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS


Where war criminals are venerated
The Yasukuni Shrine is dedicated to about 2.5 million people who have died in Japan's conflicts between 1853 and 1945.,Their names are inscribed in the shrine's Book of Souls, and venerated as "gunshin", or war gods. In 1978, 1,068 convicted war criminals, among them executed wartime prime minister Hideki Tojo and 13 other Class A war criminals, were secretly enshrined there. The shrine's authorities are reluctant to accept the verdict of war crimes tribunals, and history.

"War is a really tragic thing to happen, but it was necessary in order for us to protect the independence of Japan and to prosper together with Asian neighbors," explains a pamphlet published by the shrine, aimed at children.

Referring to the convicted war criminals, the pamphlet says: "Some 1,068 people, who were wrongly accused as war criminals by the Allied court, were enshrined here." …

Those who do not learn from history, are condemned to repeat it.

Does humanity really need more CIA things like this happening, because that is where things are going right now? Maybe it is time to scale back the secretive, assassinations, dark underhanded CIA wars, drone killings, tortures and renditions, wouldn't you agree? Isn't it getting a wee bit out of control?

Remember that power corrupts, but absolute power corrupts absolutely. 

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